What Is Celiac Disease and How Is It Diagnosed?

Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune condition in which ingesting gluten — a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye — triggers immune-driven damage to the small intestine.

Unlike a food intolerance, celiac disease involves the immune system attacking the intestinal lining, which can lead to nutrient malabsorption and broader health issues if left untreated.

Symptoms of Celiac Disease

Symptoms vary widely and may include:

Chronic diarrhea or constipation
Abdominal pain and bloating
Fatigue and anemia
Weight loss or poor growth in children
Skin conditions such as dermatitis herpetiformis

Some people experience minimal digestive symptoms, making diagnosis more challenging.

How Celiac Disease Is Diagnosed

Diagnosis typically involves:

Blood tests to detect specific antibodies (e.g., tTG-IgA, EMA)
Intestinal biopsy via endoscopy to confirm villous damage

It is crucial that gluten is not removed from the diet before testing, as this can lead to false-negative results. Always follow your clinician’s guidance.

Treatment

The only effective treatment is a strict, lifelong gluten-free diet. That means avoiding obvious sources of gluten — and also watching for hidden forms in sauces, processed foods, and cross-contamination.

How AllergenFinder Can Help

Gluten can hide under many names on food labels. AllergenFinder scans ingredient lists and highlights gluten-related risks, helping people with celiac disease make safer choices every day.

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